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Pharmacoeconomics in Psychiatry

Pharmacoeconomics is a new word but decisions about which treatments are available within any health care system have always been influenced by the availability of resources. Today, the economics of care and treatment are major issues for governments and health services throughout the world. This is the first text to provide an authoritative economic evaluation of the use of drugs in psychiatry. The authors have reviewed the world literature on the subject and include all the most recent data. The book provides pragmatic but scientifically robust reviews of the pharmacoeconomic aspects of drug prescribing in order to improve clinical practice. With the ultimate aim of ensuring that resources are used to the best effect and thus improve the health and quality of life of people with mental health problems, this practical handbook is an important text for psychiatrists and GPs, as well as for health service providers and managers.

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Total R & D Management: Strategies and Tactics for 21st Century Healthcare Manufacturers

Drawing on a lifetime of experience, Roger Dobbah gives readers an in-depth view of R&D survival strategies and tactics and demonstrates how to apply them to any organization. The author provides insights into the role of R&D, the crucial topic of creativity and innovation, and the differences and similarities between general management and R&D management. He covers R&D resources, organizational structures, internal and external environments, R&D interface with other functions, objectives and adaptation, and integration of strategies. It includes coverage of the new R&D dimension of pharmacoeconomics and a full discussion of the regulatory environment impacting the present and future of R&D.

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Statistics Applied to Clinical Trials

The previous two editions of this book, rather than being comprehensive, concentrated on the most relevant aspects of statistical analysis. Although well-received by students, clinicians, and researchers, these editions did not answer all their questions. This updated and extended edition serves as a more complete guide and reference text to students, physicians, and investigators, and, at the same time, preserves the common sense approach to statistical problem-solving of the previous editions.

In 1948 the first randomized controlled trial was published by the English Medical Research Council in the British Medical Journal. Until then, observations had been uncontrolled. Initially, trials frequently did not confirm hypotheses to be tested. This phenomenon was attributed to little sensitivity due to small samples, as well as inappropriate hypotheses based on biased prior trials. Additional flaws were being recognized and, subsequently were better accounted for: carryover effects due to insufficient washout from previous treatments, time effects due to external factors and the natural history of the condition under study, bias due to asymmetry between treatment groups, lack of sensitivity due to a negative correlation between treatment responses etc. Such flaws mainly of a technical nature have been largely implemented and lead to trials after 1970 being of significantly better quality than before. The past decade focused, in addition to technical aspects, on the need for circumspection in planning and conducting of clinical trials. As a consequence, prior to approval, clinical trial protocols are now routinely scrutinized by different circumstantial organs, including ethic committees, institutional and federal review boards, national and international scientific organizations, and monitoring committees charged with conducting interim analyses. The present book not only explains classical statistical analyses of clinical trials, but also addresses relatively novel issues, including equivalence testing, interim analyses, sequential analyses, meta-analyses, and provides a framework of the best statistical methods currently available for such purpose. This book is not only useful for investigators involved in the field of clinical trials, but also for students and physicians who wish to better understand the data of trials as published currently.

Handbook of Prebiotics


In order to achieve optimal digestion, absorption, and nutritional health, we must have appropriate populations of positive microflora. Prebiotics are functional foods that improve health by fortifying indigenous probiotics within the gut. This fast-growing area of nutrition and microbiology is rapidly amassing data and answering many questions about the necessity and benefit of such functional foods.

Gathering contributions from leading experts in a range of disciplines, Handbook of Prebiotics presents a balanced view of the current knowledge in many different areas of the field. It discusses concept, definition and criteria for classification of a food component as prebiotics It then describes interactions with gut microbiota. Highlighting varying levels of evidence and agreement, the book presents current arguments for and against prebiotic intake. Contributions discuss the biomechanics of prebiotics and their effects on immune status, serum lipid concentrations, mineral bioavailability, and satiety modulation. They consider the health implications of prebiotic intake such as reduced incidence of gastroenteritis and chronic pathogenic gut disorders, including intestinal cancers and inflammatory bowel diseases.

Providing well-rounded coverage, the book explores the varying effects of prebiotics in different populations and age groups such as infants and the elderly, as well as livestock and pets. The final chapters describe food avenues and the safety implications for prebiotic use. Spanning several disciplines including food science, nutrition, microbiology, biotechnology, and the health sciences, this seminal work makes a point to include sound research science and well-balanced views on the potential of prebiotics for promoting good health.

Food and Drug Administration Advisory Committees

Like many other agencies of the federal government, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) relies extensively on external advisory committees for independent scientific and technical advice. Recognizing that the existing advisory committee system is essentially sound, this volume recommends ways of enhancing the use of these committees in the evaluation of drugs, biological materials, and medical devices; strengthening the agency's management of the system; and increasing the accountability of the system to the public. In doing so, it examines and makes recommendations on such issues as the recruitment of committee members, the FDA's management of financial conflict of interest and intellectual bias among members, and the operations and management of the advisory committee system.

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Bioanalytical Separations, Volume 4

Bioanalytical Separations is volume 4 of the multi-volume series, Handbook of Analytical Separations, providing reviews of analytical separation methods and techniques used for the determination of analytes across a whole range of applications. The theme for this volume is bioanalysis, in this case specifically meaning the analysis of drugs and their metabolites in biological fluids.

- Discusses new developments in instrumentation and methods of analyzing drugs and their metabolites in biological fluids
- Provides guidance to the different methods, their relative value to the user, and the advantages and pitfalls of their use
- Future trends are identified, in terms of the potential impact of new technologies.

A to Z Drug Facts: Published by Facts and Comparisons

This compact, portable, alphabetically organized drug reference provides quick access to current, reliable information on more than 4,500 commonly prescribed medications. Each drug monograph is divided into pharmacological and patient care considerations, and includes action, indications, contraindications, route/dosage, interactions, lab test interferences, adverse reactions, precautions/warnings, administration/storage, assessment/interventions, and patient/family education. Icons and a second color are used to help readers quickly locate the information they are looking for. A color identification section enables readers to identify drugs by appearance. Coverage includes the newest FDA approvals, investigational and orphan drugs, and indications for labeled, unlabeled, and orphan uses.

Intelligent Software for Product Formulation

The process of formulating pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, speciality chemicals or any of the other many formulated products is a highly formulated task. Intelligent software tools are a means of capturing this knowledge to enable all users to benefit from expert advice, as well as providing the means for more consistent decision making. The implementation of intelligent software can also lead to significant improvements in knowledge protection, cost reduction, training consistency and improved communication. Many applications ranging from agrochemicals and aluminium alloys to pharmaceuticals and textile finishing are reviewed.; This is an account of the applicability of expert systems, neural networks, genetic algorithms and other intelligent software in product formulation, which includes an explanation of the technology involved and examples of two commerical software packages specifically developed for product formulation.

Data Monitoring in Clinical Trials: A Case Studies Approach

Randomized clinical trials are the gold standard for establishing many clinical practice guidelines and are central to evidence based medicine. Obtaining the best evidence through clinical trials must be done within the boundaries of rigorous science and ethical principles. One fundamental principle is that trials should not continue longer than necessary to reach their objectives. Therefore, trials must be monitored for recruitment progress, quality of data, adherence to patient care or prevention standards, and early evidence of benefit or harm. Frequently, a group of external experts, independent from the investigators and trial sponsor, is charged with this monitoring responsibility, especially for safety and early benefit. This group is referred to by various names, such as a data monitoring committee or a data and safety monitoring board. This book, through a series of case studies presented by many distinguished clinical trial experts, illustrates the complexity of this monitoring process. The editors provide an overview of the process and a summary of a multitude of the lessons learned from the cases presented.

This book should be useful to anyone serving on a data and safety monitoring board, or planning to do so, for colleagues in academia, industry and governmental agencies, and for teaching students in biostatistics, epidemiology, clinical trials and medical ethics. No other text has as extensive a collection of cases which provide insight into the many issues, often conflicting, that must be examined before recommendations to continue or discontinue a trial can be made. While depth in statistical methods is not required, some familiarity with statistical design and analysis issues in clinical trials is helpful. The cases cover trials which were terminated early for convincing evidence of benefit, or for harmful effects. Cases with complex issues are also included. This series of cases should provide broad background information for potential monitoring committee members and better prepare them for the challenges that may exist in the trials for which they are responsible.

The three editors have contributed two overview chapters as well as several case studies to go along with cases contributed by a distinguished group of colleagues experienced in the design, monitoring and analysis of clinical trials. Dr. David DeMets is currently Professor and Chair, Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. He is past president of the Eastern North American Region (ENAR) of the International Biometric Society, a past member of the Board of Directors of the American Statistical Association and an elected Fellow. He recently received the Robert Gordon Lectureship Award, given by the National Institutes of Health, for significant contributions to the field of clinical trials. Dr. Curt Furberg, is currently Professor (and former Chair) of the Department of Public Health Sciences at Wake Forest University. Previously, he was Head of the Clinical Trials Branch and Associate Director of the Clinical Applications and Prevention Program at the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Dr. Lawrence Friedman is a former Director of the Division of Epidemiology and Clinical Applications and a former Assistant Director for Ethics and Clinical Research at the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. All three are past presidents of the Society of Clinical Trials. The editors have collaborated previously as coauthors of a text: the Fundamentals of Clinical Trials.

Pharmacotherapy Handbook 7th Ed.

Essential Pharmacotherapy Data at Your Fingertips!

Pharmacotherapy Handbook delivers the essential information you need to quickly and confidently make drug therapy decisions for eighty-four diseases and disorders. Featuring a convenient alphabetized presentation, the book utilizes text, tables, figures, and treatment algorithms to make important drug data readily accessible and easily understandable.

Features:

Consistent chapter organization that includes:. Disease state definition,. Concise review of relevant pathophysiology,. Clinical presentation,. Diagnosis,. Desired outcome,. Treatment,. Monitoring

Six valuable appendices, including a new one on the management of pharmacotherapy in the elderly. NEW chapters on adrenal gland disorders and influenza. The ideal companion Pharmacology: A Pathophysiologic Approach, 7e by Joseph DiPiro et al.

Flavours and Fragrances: Chemistry, Bioprocessing and Sustainability

This book is an introduction to the fascinating world of aroma chemicals, essential oils, fragrances and flavour compositions for the food, cosmetics and pharmaceutical industry. The present state-of-the-art technology, the future use of resources and biotechnological approaches for the production of the respective chemical compounds are described. A large section is devoted to the description of the renewable resources of flavours: spice plants, fruits from moderate to tropical climates, vegetables, fermented and heated plants. Analytical methods, such as gas chromatography coupled to human or electronic noses or to a mass spectrometer, are outlined and consumer trends, legal and safety aspects are described. Novel renewable resources come from biotechnology. Enzymes, for example, bio-transform cheap substrates to produce flavours de novo; plant cells in culture may serve as a rich resource of genes coding for metabolic activities in transgenic producers. The book will be of great interest to scientists and engineers in the food, flavour, fragrance and pharmaceutical industries and all respective researchers in academia.

Pharmaceutical Emulsions and Suspensions: Second Edition, Revised and Expanded

University Montpellier, France. Covers fundamental and applied knowledge of emulsions and suspensions. Assists those working in all spheres of pharmacy in solving the problems posed by by emulsion and suspension formulations and applications. Diagrams, charts.

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P & G Pharmacy Handbook, Second Edition

It is crucial that pharmacists understand the language of health care professionals and, in turn, can convey the information in an understandable fashion to patients. Procter & Gamble Pharmacist's Handbook, Second Edition facilitates this communication. Now, all in one place, you can have medical terms, abbreviations, and patient counseling principles right at your fingertips. The handbook begins with an Inverted Medical Dictionary to translate lay terminology to more technical vocabulary and an Eponyms section to translate medical terminology to language that is comprehensible to patients. The Dictionary shows how to analyze the medical terms by identifying its root, suffix, and prefix. This examination is supplemented with numerous tables of common roots, suffixes, and prefixes. The book concludes with a glossary of managed care terms that will help you understand the language of the insurance community. Another critical responsibility of a pharmacist is to clearly comprehend a prescription. The sections containing Medical Abbreviations and Terms Used in Prescription Writing will aid in this vital task. Also included in the handbook are general references, such as normal laboratory values, conversion factors, and weights and measures. These features make Procter & Gamble Pharmacist's Handbook, Second Edition a convenient and handy resource for the practicing pharmacist.

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Six Sigma in the Pharmaceutical Industry: Understanding, Reducing, and Controlling Variation in Pharmaceuticals and Biologics

Six Sigma in the Pharmaceutical Industry is the first book to introduce the fundamentals of Six Sigma, examine control chart theory and practice, and explain the concept of variation management and reduction applied specifically to the pharmaceutical industry. The first half lays out a conceptual framework for understanding variation, while the second half introduces control chart theory and practice. Using case studies and statistics, the book illustrates the concepts and explains their application to actual workplace improvements. Providing the basis for a complete operating philosophy, this book focuses on core concepts and their implementation to improve the existing products and processes in the pharmaceutical industry.

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Handbook of Drug Metabolism, Second Edition

This timely, expanded new edition is the definitive handbook for experienced drug metabolism and pharmaceutical scientists and those new to the field.

Written by internationally renowned authors, it provides integrated, comprehensive coverage of fundamental aspects of drug metabolism and the practical applications that help guide researchers through key challenges in modern drug discovery and development.

The Second Edition covers the many recent scientific and technical advances in the field, and is organized in four sections – ideal for use in undergraduate and graduate programs in Drug Metabolism and Clinical Pharmacology.

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Encyclopedia of Biopharmaceutical Statistics, Second Edition

Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, MA. Resource offers more than 3,300 lists expanded to reflect amendments to regulatory requirements and recently developed statistical methods impacting the drug review/approval process and biopharmaceutical research and development. Offers more than 3,000 equations, tables, and figures. Previous edition not cited.

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The Pharmaceutical Regulatory Process, Second Edition

This Second Edition examines the mechanisms and means to establish regulatory compliance for pharmaceutical products and company practices. It focuses on major legislative revisions that impact requirements for drug safety reviews, product regulatory approvals, and marketing practices. Written by top industry professionals, practicing attorneys, and FDA regulators, it includes policies and procedures that pharmaceutical companies need to implement regulatory compliance post-approval.

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Chiral Separations by Liquid Chromatography: Theory and Applications

Unique in its systematic and detailed description of the various types, structures, and properties of chiral stationary phases (CSPs) and their preparation, application, and future scope, this volume highlights an assortment of liquid chromatographic including sub- and super-critical fluid chromatography, capillary electrochromatography, and thin layer chromatography.

Powder and Bulk Engineering International Magazine January 2009

ARTICLES:

How to select and install your scale for accurate weighing
Case History: Automatic batch weighing speeds the feed at Hy Gain of Australia
Understanding your dust: Six steps to better dust collection

Although control systems and automated operations have advanced considerably over the last decade it is often the case that the potential for realizing the full potential of such systems is often hampered by poor flow performance when fine powders enter the equation. The main reason for this underperformance is invariably a lack of understanding of the importance of correct bin and interface design for the powders being handled.

Pharmacy Practice

Today's pharmaceutical services are patient-oriented rather than drug-oriented. This shift towards patient-centred care comes at a time when healthcare is delivered by an integrated team of health workers. Effective pharmacy practice requires an understanding of the social context within which pharmacy is practised, recognising the particular needs and circumstances of the users of pharmaceutical services and of pharmacy's place within health service provision. Designed for undergraduate and postgraduate pharmacists, Pharmacy Practice provides a background to the social context of pharmacy including: 
* the development of pharmacy practice 
* international dimensions of pharmacy practice 
* health, illness, and medicines use 
* professional practice 
* meeting the pharmaceutical care needs of specific populations 
* measuring and regulating medicines use 
* research methods, evaluation, audit and clinical governance

UV and IR Spectra: Pharmaceutical Substances (UV and IR) and Pharmaceutical and Cosmetic Excipients (IR)

This CD-ROM with its 1,673 spectra provides various working options. The general functions are identical with those of Acrobat Reader. For detailed information please refer to Reader Help under the menu Help. Under Further information you will find details about the publication and the publishing company, license conditions and indications concerning the publisher's products. Preface, Further information, Functions of the CD, and Introductions are available both in English and German, and so is the Spectrocognosia. All other documents of the collection of spectra are in English.

The collection of spectra is divided into two major groups: pharmaceutical substances (including indications) and excipients. You can highlight texts or single graphs and copy them for further use in other applications. You can also print whole sheets.

In the Specfinder table you can search for UV absorption maximum values. This is possible by entering the particular figure + nm (without blank; e. g. 348nm) in the search function of Acrobat Reader. The found spectrum can be called up by clicking on the respective spectrum number. (See the Introduction for more detailed information.)

The section Further tables contains documents for "pharmaceutical substances showing a well distinct UV spectrum in alkaline solution or being unsoluble in methanol", "pharmaceutical substances showing no distinct maximum of absorption", and "pharmaceutical substances without useful UV absorption > 220 nm". There you can only search, a link is not available.

The display of the spectra sheets or other documents on the screen depends both on the components of your PC and the settings of Acrobat Reader. Magnification resp. diminution is possible using the functions of this application.

Cancer Drug Design and Discovery

The ultimate source of information on the design of new anticancer agents, emphasising small molecules, this newest work covers recent notable successes resulting from the human genome and cancer genomics projects. These advances have provided information on targets involved in specific cancers that are leading to effective medicines for at least some of the common solid tumours. Unique sections explain the basic underlying principles of cancer drug development and provide a practical introduction to modern methods of drug design. Appealing to a broad audience, this is an excellent reference for translational researchers interested in cancer biology and medicine as well as students in pharmacy, pharmacology, or medicinal and biological chemistry, and clinicians taking oncology options. 

* Covers both currently available drugs as well as those under development
* Provides a clinical perspective on trials of new anticancer agents
* Presents drug discovery examples through the use of case histories

Integrated Strategies for Drug Discovery Using Mass Spectrometry

New strategies and techniques for today's fast-paced discovery process
Today, the pressure is on for high-throughput approaches to accelerate the generation, identification, and optimization of molecules with desirable drug properties. As traditional methods of analysis become antiquated, new analytical strategies and techniques are necessary to meet sample throughput requirements and manpower constraints. Among them, mass spectrometry has grown to be a front-line tool throughout drug discovery.
Integrated Strategies for Drug Discovery Using Mass Spectrometry provides a thorough review of current analytical approaches, industry practices, and strategies in drug discovery. The topics represent current industry benchmarks in specific drug discovery activities that deal with proteomics, biomarker discovery, metabonomic approaches for toxicity screening, lead identification, compound libraries, quantitative bioanalytical support, biotransformation, reactive metabolite characterization, lead optimization, pharmaceutical property profiling, sample preparation strategies, and automation.
THIS BOOK:
* Clearly explains how drug discovery and mass spectrometry are interconnected
* Discusses the uses and limitations of various types of mass spectrometry in various aspects of drug discovery
* Prominently features analytical applications that require trace-mixture analysis
* Provides industry applications and real-world examples
* Shares historical background information on various techniques to aid in the understanding of how and why new methods are now being employed to analyze samples.

Methods for Structure Elucidation by High-Resolution NMR

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (NMR) is now widely regarded as having evolved into a subscience. The field has become immensely diverse, ranging from medical use through solid state NMR to liquid state applications, with countless books and scientific journals devoted to these topics. Theoretical as well as experimental advance continues to be rapid, and has in fact accelerated by many novel innovations. This multi-authored book focuses on the latest developments in the rapidly evolving field of high resolution NMR, specifically with a view to applications on the structure elucidation of organic molecules of moderate molecular weight. Conceptually it differs from basic educational texts, hard-core scientific papers and regular review articles in that each chapter may be regarded as the authors' personal account of their special insights and results that crystallised after several years of research into a given topic. The book revolves around several themes and offers a handful of scientific "gems" of various colors, reflecting the great diversity of NMR. It contains 16 loosely connected chapters written by some of today's most accomplished NMR scientists in the world. Each chapter is a unique synthesis of the authors' previous research results in the given field, and thus projects special insights. Much emphasis has been given to the latest developments in NMR, in particular to selective pulses and pulsed field gradients. As a part of the series "Analytical Spectroscopy Library", with subsequent editions coming along this book should provide a platform for future research accounts of similar flavor. The material is presented in a mostly non-mathematical fashion, and is intended mainly for chemists, application NMR scientists and students with already some background in NMR. Some of the chapters slightly overlap in the discussed topics, which is particularly exciting in terms of gaining insight into the same area from different angles.

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Quality Progress - June 2008

Far-Sighted

In the first year nonprofit organizations could apply for the honor, Coral Springs became the first local government to take home a Baldrige award by proving it didn't emphasize the present at the expense of the future....

Customer Servicemen

Customer Feedback is a key component of improvement. The challenge has always been finding the most effective way of procuring it....

Incredible Journey

In response to personnel’s safety concerns and rising workers’ compensation costs, a team at Boeing’s C-17 site developed a solution to thwart injury and save money....

Two Are Better Than One

Management need and my personal curiosity recently led me to take a closer look at the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX). My work pointed out similarities and differences between SOX and ISO 9001....

The True Test of Loyalty

The customer loyalty field has experienced much technological innovation, such as automated reporting portals and integration of attitudinal and behavioral data in customer relationship management applications, over the past decade....

Who's Keeping Score?

There’s one tool you won’t find for sale at Sears. One of the retail giant’s divisions has started using a quality management tool extensively to maintain and improve its own quality management system....

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Quality Progress - February 2008

Sharpen Your Auditing Skills

Effective audits require effective audit planning. One of the best tools to help guide both the planning and execution of an audit is the audit checklist....

Efficiency Gets a New Identity

This article demonstrates the impact RFID will have on existing supply chain processes and the improvements RFID implementation will bring by comparing the benefits of RFID with those of barcode for various supply chain entities. The increases in data cap..

Educating Engineers

Statistics is an indispensable tool for solving engineering problems. But many engineers are not exposed to problems that require the use of statistical methods until they start their professional careers....

Good Vibrations

Modern quality management principles define quality as customer satisfaction with product and service. SCGC has a web page where guitar owners can have questions about their guitars answered by Hoover or Roberts. With employee empowerment accompanying goo...

Launch to Quality

After using different quality methods with limited success, the Naval Surface Warfare Center, Indian Head Division, implemented lean Six Sigma in 2004. Through all of this, leadership demonstrated a steadfast commitment to fully implementing lean Six Sigm...

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Quality Progress - March 2008

A Framework for Business Ethics

Profit maximization is, of course, the main and foremost objective for any commercial organization. Most modern organizations realize that to survive in today’s competitive arena, customers have to be satisfied....

A Gold Medal Solution

Additionally, the production team's performance wasn't meeting its organizational goals—including quality, timeliness, efficiency and cycle time—for continuous improvement. Internal stakeholders included those from in-plant manufacturing, safety, and prod...

The Remedy for a Data Dilemma

In 1994, Bellin Health volunteered for a pilot assessment managed jointly by the Baldrige National Quality Program and the Joint Commission. This assessment helped Bellin focus on developing an integrated measurement system....

Strong Foundation, Solid Future

In the wake of the scandals five years ago that shook consumer confidence in business leaders and the economy, I co-wrote an article about the resurgence of social responsibility on the corporate landscape and increased public awareness on the topic....

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Analytical Profiles of Drug Substances and Excipients (Volume 25)

Although the official compendia define a drug substance as to identity, purity, strength, and quality, they normally do not provide other physical or chemical data, nor do they list methods of synthesis or pathways of physical or biological degradation and metabolism. Such information is scattered throughout the scientific literature and the files of pharmaceutical laboratories. Edited by the Associate Director of Analytical Research and Development for the American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists, Analytical Profiles of Drug Substances and Excipients brings this information together into one source. The scope of the series has recently been expanded to include profiles of excipient materials.

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Analytical Profiles of Drug Substances and Excipients (Volume 24)

Although the official compendia define a drug substance as to identity, purity, strength, and quality, they normally do not provide other physical or chemical data, nor do they list methods of synthesis or pathways of physical or biological degradation and metabolism. Such information is scattered throughout the scientific literature and the files of pharmaceutical laboratories. Edited by the Associate Director of Analytical Research and Development for the American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists, Analytical Profiles of Drug Substances and Excipients brings this information together into one source. The scope of the series has recently been expanded to include profiles of excipient materials.

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Sociology for Pharmacists: An Introduction

Sociology for Pharmacists provides undergraduate and postgraduate pharmacy students with a concise introduction to key sociological concepts, perspectives and research evidence pertaining to health, illness and professional practice. This book is timely given that pharmacists are encouraged to broaden their day-to-day practice, so that they become more involved with advising clients, managing medicines and supporting the promotion of health. In the light of developments in the 'extended role' of pharmacists, students of pharmacy are required to understand the social context of health, illness and professional practice. This text therefore provides a grounding in these topics, and as well as reviewing the relevant research, readers are directed towards additional reading. Key issues covered include: * Key sociological concepts and perspectives * Contemporary developments in pharmacy practice and pharmacy's professional status * A review of research in to the way people react to illness and look after their health * How and why illness and disease are influenced by gender, ethnicity, and social class * Health education and pharmacists' role in health promotion and in ensuring appropriate medicine usage * Social research methods

Gas Chromatography in Biology and Medicine

IN the preface to the first edition of one of the earliest books on chromatography, Principles and Practice of Chromatography (Zechmeister and Cholnoky, 1943) there is written: “Every scientific advance is an advance in method.” It is also stated in this prefcice that “the invention of a new specialized laboratory procedure brings about rapid conquests in new fields of science and technology, finally it exhausts itself and is replaced by a still more practical method. The method of chromatographic adsorption invented by the talented Russian botanist, Professor M. Tswett makes possible spatial separation of components of a mixture. It is just now at the beginning of a bullish development : it offers a simple experimental procedure to the investigator especially in the fields of both pure and applied organic chemistry, of biochemistry and of physiology.”

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The pfizer guide to careers in Pharmacy

We are living in the most exciting period in the history of pharmaceuticals, as new options lead to new opportunities for those of us in the field and those about to join us. Pharmacists are at a zenith in our ability to manage, cure and prevent disease. Demographics in this country practically ensure a bright future for those entering the profession. We’re witnessing a double dynamic in our population: growth in the number of births and an extended lifespan for men and women.
The record number of baby-boomers graduating into Social Security pensioners has set the stage for an increased use of drugs. When Medicare kicks in for the largest group of elderly ever seen, there will be a pronounced increase in pharmaceutical usage. It is estimated that the number of Americans over 65, now 38 million, will mushroom to 80 million in the next decade. Add to the mix the continuing discovery of new drugs and it’s easy to understand why, over the next few years, the number of prescriptions dispensed is expected to more than double.

Happy New Year 2009 !!!

Dear God,

In the new year, we pray
that You will guide us each new day
in paths that are pleasing to You.
Lord, the new year gives us another chance
to rededicate our lives to You,
to study Your Word
so that we know right from wrong
and to act in accordance with Your commands.
Thank you for the sense of
direction, purpose and peace we get
from aligning our lives with Your Holy will.
We pray for the strength and the will to obey You
each and every day of the new year,
and when we fail, we pray for Your mercy,
Your compassion, Your grace and Your love.
Help us in the new year to be your faithful servants. 
Happy New Year 2009!!!